Operators

Increment and decrement (++, --)

• The increase operator (++) and the decrease operator (--) increase or reduce by one the value stored in a variable.

• The three expressions below should produce exactly the same executable code:

  ++x;
  x+=1;
  x=x+1;
  

• As a prefix :

  x = 3;
  y = ++x;
  // x contains 4, y contains 4
  

• As a postfix :

  x = 3;
  y = x++;
  // x contains 4, y contains 3
  

Comma operator (,)

• Is used to separate two or more expressions that are included where only one expression is expected.

• When the set of expressions has to be evaluated for a value, only the right-most expression is considered.

• For example, the following code:

a = (b=3, b+2);

• Would first assign the value 3 to b, and then assign b+2 to variable a. So, at the end, variable a would contain the value 5 while variable b would contain value 3.